How is the body of an aircraft treated to reduce drag?
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Coated with varnish.
The contribution of paint roughness to air resistance is only 0.3%. However, after painting, the aircraft is still covered with a layer of varnish 30–50 microns thick. The varnish prevents dirt and insects from sticking to the body, which affects the resistance.
A dyeing technology is already being tested that leaves thin grooves on the paint. They weaken the transverse turbulent air movement, which saves about 1% of fuel.
And researchers are working on shark-scale active coatings that can adjust thousands of times per second to the geometry of turbulent vortices. It can reduce air friction by 30%.
